How narcissistic family systems work, the roles assigned to each child, what they do to development, and how recovery begins.
Attachment Theory
Echoism is the trait at the opposite end of the narcissism continuum. Dr. Craig Malkin’s framework explained — causes, signs, and recovery.
What Is Intermittent Reinforcement? How Unpredictability Drives Trauma Bonding in Narcissistic Abuse
What Is Intermittent Reinforcement? How Unpredictability Drives Trauma Bonding in Narcissistic Abuse
Intermittent reinforcement is the mechanism behind trauma bonding in narcissistic abuse. The neuroscience, how it works, and recovery.
Recovery for Adult Children of Narcissists using the TENEL™ framework — specialist coaching. Free 15-minute consultation.
Reflections on the role of attachment disorders in addiction as well as family- and intimate partner violence.